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KMID : 0613820130230111397
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Journal of Life Science
2013 Volume.23 No. 11 p.1397 ~ p.1403
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Fructus Sophorae Enhances the Production of Prostaglandin E2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α through Activation of MAPKs and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways in Murine Macrophages
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Kang Young-Soon
Han Min-Ho
Lee Moon-Hee
Hong Su-Hyun
Park Heung-sik
Jung Jae-Chul
Lee Jeong-Rai
Lee Eun-Woo
Kang Kyung-Hwa
Kim Cheol-Min
Kim Byung-Woo
Choi Yung-Hyun
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Abstract
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Fructus Sophorae, the dried ripe fruit of Styphnolobium japonicum (L.), is an herbal ingredient used in traditional Oriental medicine. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Fructus Sophorae extracts (FSE) on immune modulation in a murine RAW 264.7 macrophage model. As immune response parameters, the production of prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) and tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated. Our data revealed that FSE increased the macrophage activation and the production of PGE₂ and TNF-α, which was consistently correlated with upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and TNF-α expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. On comparative cytokine protein array, FSE significantly increased several cytokines, which was associated with phosphorylation of mitogen- activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and Akt in RAW 264.7 cells. However, each inhibitor of these molecules attenuated the FSE-induced PGE₂ production. These results indicate that FSE activated macrophages through the activation of MAPKs and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. These findings suggest that FSE may provide a promising source of an immunoenhancing agent.
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KEYWORD
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Fructus Sophorae, immune modulation, macrophages, PGE₂, cytokines
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